Silk Screening Past to Present - From Ancient Japanese Silk to Bumper Stickers

The origins of printing are lost to history; some creditThe silk screen method is inexpensive and easy to
the Egyptians, or the Greeks. The earliest example ofuse, making it widely used in one form or another by
printing on record is the Chinese book known as themultitudes of artists as well as companies. This
"Diamond Sutra" from 868 CE (Christian era.) Silkmethod has been used for producing decals and
screen printing is the legacy of the Japanese form ofstickers since the before the bumper sticker was
stencil printing known as Katazome. Silk screening,even a true "sticker". It was a screen printer from
also known as serigraph is a process that wasKansas City by the name of Forest P. Gill who
patented by an Englishman called Samuel Simon. Ancreated the modern custom stickers in the early
American by the name of John Pilsworth took the1930's. Silk screen printing is what has made what we
process a step further in San Francisco, California byall recognize as a sticker or decal what it is today.
applying multiple colors and patenting this variation inThe legacy of the sticker will forever be tied to the
1914. It was during the First World War that screenprocess of silk screening. Silk screening gives the
printing began being used in an industrial capacity forprinter as much freedom to experiment as one could
producing flags, banners and advertisements. By thisneed, and at a low cost since there is no heavy
time there was the advent of photographic stencilsequipment necessary. This is the ideal situation from
which offered more adaptability and accessibility. Silkwhich stickers of all variety began to be produced,
screening grew in popularity and became widely usedand not just for commercial or political use, but for
for printing textiles, t-shirts and custom stickerpersonal use as well. The basic format of creating a
printing. Screen printing has even been used in popshort message or clear symbol using one, two or
art, most notably by Andy Warhol.four colors is perfectly suited to custom bumper
The process of screen printing is simple, andstickers. This kind of inexpensive process allows for
depending on the desired effect, there are numberthe kind of freedom of experimentation necessary
of ways to produce an image. Originally silk screeningwhen printing stickers, especially for stickers of a
was done with silk; this material was stretchedshort run, or for producing variations in color of the
taught over a frame. Since the 1940's syntheticsame pattern.
materials like nylon and polyester have become theFor a process as simple as this to have a practical
standard due to their low cost. The screen is thenapplication on an industrial scale is not only what
laid over the print surface; this may consist of cloth,makes producing stickers for the masses possible,
paper, or some other material. In its simplest form,but for the masses to produce stickers on a small
screen printing uses a stencil on top of the screen;scale. The history that lives in the present in the
ink is applied and then pushed through the screen andform of the sticker is truly a marvel, the act of
the stencil onto the substrate using a squeegee, thusprinting on silk, devised who knows how long ago,
producing an image. Another method is to use a lightthis ancient process that started in the Far East,
sensitive emulsion applied to the screen itself whichtaken to and developed in the West, is now a part
creates impermeable areas through which ink cannotof everyday life; to the point that people in every
pass, in effect making the screen and the stencil one.strata of society, business and conceivable niche
The same process to apply the ink is still usedhave an outlet to express their message, to be seen
regardless of what method is used to create theand heard. This is what makes stickers and screen
screen, the squeegee, or rubber blade pushes the inkprinting partners; as long as one exists, the other will
through the screen to produce the image.have a place in the world.